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Teach students to identify factors, prime factors and square numbers with this complete teaching bundle. Students build factor trees, write composite numbers as products of prime factors, rearrange factors to simplify multiplication, and use arrays and square notation to explain square numbers.

Combining a lesson plan, a 46-slide editable teacher presentation, three differentiated student activities, an exit ticket with interpretation guide and a hands-on board game, this curriculum-aligned bundle provides everything you need to teach the lesson from start to finish.

Built around the I Do, We Do, You Do model, students move from explicit teacher modelling to guided practice and independent application. They start factor trees in different ways and discover the prime factors are always the same, turn calculations such as 15 × 16 into 20 × 12, and use prime factors to prove whether a number is square.

What's included in this teaching bundle?

Teacher Slides (PowerPoint)

• 46 editable, ready-to-teach slides following the I Do, We Do, You Do structure
• Clear learning intention and success criteria
• Review of factor pairs, prime and composite numbers using arrays
• Modelled factor trees, with prime numbers highlighted, and different trees for the same number
• Worked multiplication shortcuts that rearrange factors into friendly numbers
• Square arrays, square notation and a prime-factor test for square numbers
• Every question slide followed by an answer slide
• Mini whiteboard check-ins throughout

Lesson Plan and Exit Ticket (PDF)

• Complete I Do, We Do, You Do lesson plan for a 45 to 60 minute lesson, with timings for each phase
• Diagnostic, formative and summative assessment points
• Key vocabulary, teacher notes and common misconceptions
• Exit ticket (two per page) with an interpretation guide

Differentiated Student Activities (PDF)

• Activity overview to help you match each option to your students
• Three differentiated activities: Factor Trees and Square Arrays, Prime Factors and Shortcuts and Investigating Number Structure
• Factor trees with missing numbers, from partly completed to larger numbers such as 108
• Multiplication shortcut questions, square arrays on dot paper and square numbers to 12 squared
• Rebuild-the-number, square-or-not and mystery-number reasoning tasks
• Answer key and marking guide for every activity

Class Recording Sheet (Excel)

• Type T, A or B and the cell colours itself: Working towards, Achieving, Working beyond
• Exit ticket results and activity evidence tabs, with numbered next teaching steps

Hands-On Activity: Factor Shortcut (PDF)

• A colourful 28-space board game for 2 to 4 players: Factor It, Prime Factor It, Square Check, Factor Shortcut and Choose Your Path spaces
• Student recording sheet so every move shows working
• Teacher page with set-up, a model round, differentiation and misconceptions
• Answer guide for every space on the board
• What you need: the printed board and recording sheets, one dice, a counter for each player and about 100 counters for building arrays

Ideal for upper primary classrooms, this bundle provides a structured approach to factors, prime factors and square numbers, combining explicit instruction, visual representations, differentiated independent practice and an engaging hands-on board game.

Formats: PowerPoint, PDF and Excel

Aligned to Australian Curriculum: Identify and describe the properties of prime, composite and square numbers and use these properties to solve problems and simplify calculations (AC9M6N02)

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